Numerical evaluation of a ship's manoeuvrability and course keeping control under various wave conditions using CFD

It is critical to estimate the manoeuvring behaviours of ships in waves since it closely associated with navigation safety at sea. This study aims predict wavelength effects on ship using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based technique which enables resolving complex interactions between hull, rudder, and propeller waves. An Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) model well-known benchmarking KRISO Container Ship (KCS) was developed dynamic overset grid simulate motions rudder deflection. To represent propeller, body force method an infinite-blade actuator disk used. The analyses were carried out bow wavelength-to-ship-length ratios varying 0.7 2.0 for constant wave height. Two representative free-running manoeuvres conducted, namely, course keeping control, standard turning circle manoeuvres. revealed that has significant influence performance, especially approach speeds, motions, indices. key findings this research will increase understanding manoeuvrability therefore help enhance